Bhagavad Gita · 8.17 · Path of the Eternal God·17 of 28
सहस्रयुगपर्यन्तमहर्यद्ब्रह्मणो विदुः।रात्रिं युगसहस्रान्तां तेऽहोरात्रविदो जनाः ॥
sahasra-yuga-paryantam ahar yad brahmaṇo viduḥ
rātriṁ yuga-sahasrāntāṁ te ’ho-rātra-vido janāḥ
Sanskrit recitation
The path of light · 8.14–8.22 · Teaching
Translation
Those who know the day of Brahma, which lasts a thousand Yugas, and the night, which also lasts a thousand Yugas, know day and night.
Meaning
Day means evolution or projection or manifestation of the universe. Night means involution of the universe or Pralaya. The worlds are limited or conditioned in time. Therefore they return again. The world of Brahma (Brahmaloka or Sattyaloka) is also transient, although it lasts for a thousand ages. When the four great Yugas have gone round a thousan times, it make a daytime of Brahma and when an eal number of Yugas pass again it makes a night. Those who can see and live through the day and night of Brahma can really know what is a day and what is a night.The Suryasiddhanta speaks of the same division of time.According to it YearsKaliyuga (with its Sandhya andSandhyamsa) consists of 432,000Dvapara Yuga (do) 864,000Tretayuga (do) 1,296,000Kritayuga (do) 1,728,000Thus a Mahayuga consisting ofthese four Yugas comprises 4,320,00071 such Mahayugas with an additionalSandhya, at the close of 1,728,000years make one Manvantara of 308,448,00014 such Manvantaras with anotherSandhya, at the close of 1,728,000years constitute one Kalpa of 4,320,000,000Two Kalpas make a day and nightof Brahma of 8,640,000,000360 such days and nights make oneyear of Brahma consisting of 3,110,400,000,000100 such years constituteHis lifetime of 311,040,000,000,000The world is absorbed in the Avyakta or the Unmanifested or Mulaprakriti during the cosmic Pralaya (involution of the world)
After Swami Sivananda
The path of light· 8.14–8.22→
Teachers usually read this idea across several verses together, one shared reflection covers the whole unit.
- 8.14I am easily attainable by that ever-steadfast yogi who constantly and daily remembers me for a long time, not thinking of anything else with a single-minded or one-pointed focus, O Partha.
- 8.15Having attained Me, these great souls do not take birth again here—a place of pain and impermanence—but have reached the highest perfection of liberation.
- 8.16All the worlds, including the world of Brahma, are subject to return again, O Arjuna; but he who reaches Me, O son of Kunti, has no rebirth.
8.17Those who know the day of Brahma, which lasts a thousand Yugas, and the night, which also lasts a thousand Yugas, know day and night.
- 8.18From the Unmanifested, all the manifested worlds proceed upon the arrival of the 'day'; upon the arrival of the 'night', they dissolve indeed into that which is known as the Unmanifested.
- 8.19This same multitude of beings, being born again and again, helplessly dissolves, O Arjuna, into the Unmanifested at the coming of the night and comes forth at the coming of the day.
- 8.20But verily, there exists higher than this Unmanifested, another Unmanifested Eternal, which is not destroyed even when all beings are destroyed.
- 8.21What is known as the Unmanifested and the Imperishable, That is said to be the highest goal. Those who reach It do not return (to this Samsara). That is My supreme abode (place or state).
- 8.22That highest Purusha, O Arjuna, is attainable by unswerving devotion to Him alone, within Whom all beings dwell and by Whom all this is pervaded.
Word-by-word→
- te
- they
- yat
- which
- yuga
- age
- ahaḥ
- one day
- rātrim
- night
- sahasra
- one thousand
- viduḥ
- know
- janāḥ
- people
- paryantam
- until
- brahmaṇaḥ
- of Brahma
- yuga-sahasra-antām
- lasts one thousand yugas
- ahaḥ-rātra-vidaḥ
- those who know his day and night
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