अर्जुन उवाच अपरं भवतो जन्म परं जन्म विवस्वतः।कथमेतद्विजानीयां त्वमादौ प्रोक्तवानिति ॥

Teachers usually read this idea across several verses together, one shared reflection covers the whole unit.

• 4.1The Blessed Lord said, "I taught this imperishable Yoga to Vivasvan; he then told it to Manu; Manu proclaimed it to Ikshvaku.
• 4.2This, handed down in regular succession by the royal sages, was known. This Yoga, however, has been lost here over time, O Parantapa (burner of the foes).
• 4.3That same ancient yoga has been today taught to you by me, for you are my devotee and my friend; it is the supreme secret.

• 4.4Arjuna said, "Later was Thy birth, and prior to it was the birth of Vivasvan (the Sun); how am I to understand that Thou hast taught this Yoga from the beginning?"

• 4.5The Blessed Lord said, "Many births of Mine have passed, as well as of thine, O Arjuna; I know them all, but thou knowest not, O Parantapa (scorcher of foes)."
• 4.6Though I am unborn and of imperishable nature, and though I am the Lord of all beings, yet, governing my own nature, I am born by my own Maya.
• 4.7Whenever there is a decline of righteousness and an increase of unrighteousness, O Arjuna, then I manifest Myself.
• 4.8For the protection of the good, for the destruction of the wicked, and for the establishment of righteousness, I am born in every age.
• 4.9He who thus knows, in their true light, My divine birth and actions, having abandoned the body, is not born again; he comes to Me, O Arjuna.
• 4.10Freed from attachment, fear, and anger, absorbed in Me, taking refuge in Me, purified by the fire of knowledge, many have attained My Being.
• 4.11In whatever way men approach Me, even so do I reward them; My path do men tread in all ways, O Arjuna.
• 4.12Those who long for success in action in this world sacrifice to the gods; for success is quickly attained by men through action.
• 4.13The fourfold caste has been created by Me according to the differentiation of Guna and Karma; though I am the author of it, know Me as non-doer and immutable.
• 4.14Actions do not taint Me, nor do I have a desire for the fruit of actions. He who knows Me thus is not bound by actions.
• 4.15Having known this, the ancient seekers of freedom also performed action; therefore, do thou also perform action, as the ancients did in days of yore.

iti

thus

etat

this

tvam

you

janma

birth

param

prior

ādau

in the beginning

aparam

later

katham

how

bhavataḥ

your

proktavān

taught

vijānīyām

am I to understand

vivasvataḥ

Vivasvan, the sun-god

arjunaḥ uvācha

Arjun said